![]() For example, after having used the wrong technique for years, I only learned on a later journey to the US how to chop properly. At least I could profit from one ragtime technique: dampening the strings with the fingers of the right hand didn’t cause me any problems. If you don’t have anybody to guide you in learning an instrument you can’t help getting things wrong and later it is extremely difficult to get rid of those wrong habits. This meant a complete change and I felt like an absolute beginner once more. The sound is bad, there is hardly volume and your fingers ache. So, thumbpicks and fingerpicks became essential. I quickly realized, however, that playing the dobro this way, you don’t have a chance to get heard among the other instruments in a jam, for example. It seemed logical to me to simply transfer this technique onto the dobro. That was easy for me, because on the guitar I was able to play the ragtime finger-picking style. MG: In the first half year I played without fingerpicks. SJ: How did you learn to play? Were there any special practice techniques or tools that you found especially helpful to advancing your playing skills? Mike Auldridge, Stacy Phillips and Jerry Douglas had the greatest influence on me during my early years with this instrument. Through those musicians I was able to obtain first-rate recordings and when I listened to Jerry Douglas for the first time it was clear that no other instrument would ever fascinate me as much as the dobro. This really helped me a lot to learn more about playing techniques. They were representatives of all kinds of styles like Irish Folk, Blues and there were even Bluegrass musicians, who made me acquainted with Stacy Phillips’ manual ‘The Dobro Book’. Mike plays incredibly clean and has an excellent sound. As time went by I tried to find musicians in the region with mutual interests and found quite a few in Stuttgart. ![]() Today I am really happy about the fact that it was Mike Auldridge who has had a formative influence on me at this early stage. That was all I had to start with. In the following time I continually listened to the sound of those two records and tried to imitate the tunes as well as I could. Luckily the dealer in Munich not only sold the dobro to me but also a Stevens steel bar and two Auldridge records. At that time there were no records, manuals or workshops whatsoever for people wanting to learn this instrument. SJ: Where do you trace your musical heritage from on the dobro? Who were your heroes when you were learning to play? Apart from that he gave me the address of a German dealer selling dobros close to Munich. When I returned home, it didn’t take long until I possessed my first squareneck dobro. The manager, Ron Lazar, was incredibly nice, showed me around and informed me about the whole range of dobro manufacturing. If only I had had that information at the time!!! Nevertheless, I decided to change my plans and travelled right back to Huntington Beach in order to visit the dobro factory. I knew where Huntington Beach was because I had passed it two days earlier. That technique of playing, that sound and that kind of Bluegrass music in general filled me with enthusiasm. After a long conversation with that musician I had found out that those instruments were produced in Huntington Beach. This took me by surprise and made me feel really excited. ![]() At the turning point of a cable car I happened to see a Bluegrass band and one of the boys played a dobro lap style. Such was the situation in Germany when I grew up.īut this changed two weeks later when my journey led me to San Francisco. At that time I had no idea that there were also squareneck dobros and naturally I had never heard of Bluegrass music. It was a metal body dobro which at that time cost $ 400 – and was identical with the one on the cover of the Allman Brothers record. On a trip through the USA I bought my first dobro in New Orleans. ![]() I studied that picture closely and soon decided that I would one day possess such an incredible instrument. In the year 1978 I achieved my goal. Only after I came across a record by the Allman Brothers whose cover showed a dobro did I realize what one looked like. In the seventies when I started playing the guitar and was listening to records by Eric Clapton, the Allman Brothers or various Blues artists, the sound of this instrument always amazed me – that was a long time before I even knew its name. When I consciously listened to a dobro for the first time is hard to tell.
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![]() Or use the Facebook Comments form at the bottom of the page. ![]() ![]() ![]() We would be grateful for any feedback on our quizzes, please let us know using our Contact Us link, 10 + 5 1, and 199 is expressed as CXCIX i.e. We also collect the results from the quizzes which we use to help us to develop our resources and give us insight into future resources to create.įor more information on the information we collect, please take a look at our Privacy Policy For example, to express the number 737 in roman numerals you write DCCXXXVII, that is 500 + 100 + 100 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 5 + 1 + 1.However, for the numbers 4 and 9, subtraction is used instead of addition, and the smaller number is written in front of the greater number: e.g. We do not collect any personal data from our quizzes, except in the 'First Name' and 'Group/Class' fields which are both optional and only used for teachers to identify students within their educational setting. You can print a copy of your results from this page, either as a pdf or as a paper copy.įor incorrect responses, we have added some helpful learning points to explain which answer was correct and why. This will take you to a new webpage where your results will be shown. Rule 2: It is to be noted that no Roman numerals can come together more than 3 times. Rule 1: When certain numerals are repeated, the number represented by them is their sum. MathWorld-A Wolfram Web Resource.Our quizzes have been created using Google Forms.Īt the end of the quiz, you will get the chance to see your results by clicking 'See Score'. Here is a list of the basic rules for Roman numerals. On Wolfram|Alpha Roman Numerals Cite this as: Notation: Past and Future." Transcript of a keynote address presented at MathMLĪnd Math on the Web: MathML International Conference 2000. Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers. In "The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences." Villegas, R. Words and Number Symbols: A Cultural History of Numbers. Bound as One, Vol. 1: Notations inĮlementary Mathematics. A History of Mathematical Notations, 2 vols. Which rises in steps then falls abruptly. Please also check out our text symbols chrome extension to help users easily copy and paste text symbols, which runs offline. Click on a Roman symbol ( ) to copy it to the clipboard & insert it to an input element. Leads to a scale-invariant fractal-like stairstep pattern Copy and paste Roman numeral symbols ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), and ( ) in just one click. Examples from our community 5383 results for roman numbers Roman Numerals Quiz Quiz. (i.e., I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X. Roman Numerals Quiz - Numbers Plus - NUMBERS 1-20 - Matching numbers and words to 20 - French numbers 1-20 - Bingo Eins- Zwanzig - French numbers 1-50. The number of characters in the Roman numerals for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. The Roman numeral corresponding to a Hindu-Arabic number may be obtained in the Wolfram Writing groups of five Is as V, groups of two Vs as X, etc. "symbolically" (and without worrying about the "place" of a givenĭigit) by simply combining all the symbols together, grouping, They do have the advantage that addition can be done Roman numerals are encountered in the release year for movies and occasionally on the numerals on the faces of watches and clocks, but in few other modern instances. The Romans also occasionally used a vinculum (called a titulus in the Middle Ages) over a Roman numeral to indicate multiplication by The Romans sometimes used multiple parentheses to denote nested multiplications by However, in the Middle Ages, the use of M became quite common. It shouldĪlso be noted that the Romans themselves never wrote M for 1000, but instead wroteĮtc., and also occasionally wrote IM, IIM, etc. Recent practice, the strokes were sometimes written only on the sides, e.g., (Cajori 19993, p. 32). For large numbers, the Romans placed a partial frame around numbers (open at the bottom), which indicated that the framed number was toĪs illustrated above (Menninger 1992, p. 44 Cajori 1993, p. 32). ![]() To view 3D text layer strokes before exporting, make sure that the composition renderer is set to Classic 3D. While the Ray-traced 3D renderer in After Effects does not render strokes for 3D text layers, strokes are still exported when enabled. Strokes are exported for 3D text and shape layers into the. Text animation features that are not supported include: text animators, kerning, tracking, vertical text, paragraph text, and text on path. However, this option has limited support for character and paragraph formatting, and animation of text layer properties. In this option, you can modify the font and text in Cinema 4D. ![]() The Preserve Editable Text option exports 3D text layers as extruded text objects in the. You cannot modify the font and text content in Cinema 4D. This option retains the fidelity of the layer: character and paragraph formatting, and animation of text layer properties. The Extrude Text as Shapes option exports 3D text layers as extruded spline objects in the. You can export your compositions with 3D animated text and shape layers to Maxon Cinema 4D using the After Effects' Live 3D pipeline for round-tripped 3D workflow.ģD Shape layers are exported as extruded spline objects, and includes animation of shape layer properties.
To make a GIF out of a sprite sheet, use the sprite cutter tool. Express yourself with our 43044 Anime pfp.If you want to create GIF images from a video, use the Video to GIF toolinstead.You canĪlso manually enter top/left coordinates in pixels for each frame. ![]() Them all to match the smallest dimensions, or to choose the alignment (e.g.
Thematic Skit about decolonization based on the book “Weep Not Child”Ī General History of Africa: Africa in the 19th c.Lesson Plan courtesy of Deborah Johnson, a teacher at the Lakeside School in Seattle, WA Koze! Kreol and Colonialism Lesson Plan about colonialism impacting the language of Creole in the country of Mauritius Select list of novels to teach about decolonization, Boston University. To the Mountains of the Moon, Princeton University online mapping exhibit on Mapping African Exploration from 1541 to 1880.Īfriterra cartographic archive with Zoomify technology – a Boston-based non-profit that teachers can visit to see original historical maps firsthand. The Guardian: Africa Mapped: How Europe Drew a Continent Maps (Scholar Blog from Emory) –An article detailing the role of maps in colonialism Places Europeans actually DID discover (Slate) NYT A Century Later: Letting African draw their own maps An 1997 Op-Ed that calls for a “Berlin II” useful to understand the impact of the Berlin conference on DRC & Rwanda What Maps Tell Us (BU lesson plan) & Follow up to BU Lesson Plan: Maps in Correct Order How Cartography helped make colonial empires (Hyperallergic)ĭefining lines: cartography in the age of empire Duke-UNC exhibit on cartography Maps of Africa throughout the centuries – South African history online Indigenous Map-making in intertropical Africa (Bassett) chapterĭecolonizing Cartography – Elizabeth SuttonĪn animated map of African history from 1872 to 2002 and an accompanying list of key participants What would it look like to decolonize cartography? (Hyperallergic article) Less Scrambling, more Reflecting: Teaching about colonialism in Africa from the perspective of resistance by Bram Hubbel, February 9, 2019Īfrican Resistance to Colonial Rule (Talten, Africana Age) MAPS & CARTOGRAPHY The history of the Chagos Islands & Diego Garcia, a page dedicated to humanizing the struggle of the Chagossian people to return to their islands Where were West Africans fighting in World War I? A site that includes a map and several country case studies RESISTANCE A free, open access textbook on the history of struggle against apartheid developed jointly by the African Studies Center and Facing History and Ourselves. Koze! Kreol and Colonialism Lesson Plan (BU African Studies) OPEN SOURCE TEXTBOOKĬonfronting Apartheid. Nigeria: History, Identity, and Change (Brown Choices Program)įreedom in our LifeTime: South Africa (Brown Choices Program)Įxploring Africa: The Era of Global Encroachment (Michigan State University online curriculum – free) Teaching about the Mau Mau in Kenya (BU African Studies)Ĭolonization and Independence in Africa (Brown Choices Program)Ĭolonized Women Talk Back (Howard U Center for African Studies) Colonial rule led to resistance and, ultimately, to independence.Beyond the violent/non-violent binary, resistance was expressed through demands for equality and freedom, religious opposition, economic and labor organization, mass protest, and war. ![]() Colonialism was authoritarian and fostered indigenous authoritarian rule, with long-term effects.Colonialism fostered economic dependency, with long-term effects until today.See our lesson on the post-war international aid era. The colonial period was relatively short, roughly 1870–1960-but it has had a heavy and lasting impact on economic, social, and political affairs, leading to what Nkrumah called neocolonalism (political freedom with economic dependency).Religion (Christian missionary activity) played a role in conquest and in colonial rule.Mapping, for example, is related to domination of the continent. Science played a role in conquest and in colonial rule.Anti-Black racism played a role in conquest and in colonial rule.Pros-and cons- of colonialism are not an appropriate activity student learning. Conquest was by brutal force, sometimes by trickery, sometimes by “agreement”-so that African countries could bargain for some rights.Colonialism was a new stage in relationships that had been going on for thousands of years between many of the Africans and Europeans.African voices about African experiences (not just restatement by others of African views) are crucial for understanding this period of history. |
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